Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

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Agrandir Relecture du sujet : Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 24 mars 2024, 11:57

suite de ce post du 25 fev 2024 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 1#p2386451

Confirmation du beau potentiel du gisement de terres rares de Halleck Creek au Wyoming
American Rare Earths says scoping study confirms potential of Wyoming project

Staff Writer | March 18, 2024

Image
Halleck Creek rare earths project in Wyoming. (Image courtesy of American Rare Earths.)

Australia’s American Rare Earths (ASX: ARR) published on Monday the results of a scoping study for its Halleck Creek project in Wyoming, United States, which confirms its potential to become a world-class rare earth element (REE) project.

The preliminary technical and economic study on the viability of the project is based on a scenario that includes developing an open pit mine, constructing a beneficiation facility onsite and a refinery offsite.

The report, compiled by independent firm Stantec Consulting Services, highlights a three million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) operating scenario.

Net present value (NPV) is pegged at $673.9 million at an 8% discount rate and $505.1 million at a 10% discount rate (pre-tax), yielding an internal rate of return of 22.5%.

The payback period is estimated at 2.9 years, with total initial capital expenditures (capex) of $456.1 million, including a $76 million contingency.

Based on a mineral resource estimate updated in February, Halleck Creek holds 2.34 billion tonnes of material grading 3,196 parts per million (ppm) total rare earth oxides (TREO), including neodymium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr) oxides, for 7.48 million tonnes of contained TREO. This includes 1.42 billion tonnes in the measured and indicated category.

The new figures represent a 128% increase over the 2023 estimate, at a grade of 3,295 ppm TREO.

Rare earths, a group of 17 minerals critical to the energy transition for their use in electric car batteries and wind turbines, are also crucial to national security for use in aerospace and defence applications.

Wyoming has become an exploration hotbed for these materials in hopes it could become America’s answer to China’s lock on the market. The Halleck Creek project was named by Mining Intelligence last year as one the world’s top 10 rare earth projects, measured in total rare earth oxides (TREO).

On top of the scoping study for Halleck Creek released Monday, the company will also need to acquire the necessary licences to explore on Wyoming state mineral leases in order to collect rocks for bulk material testing and pilot-scale metallurgical test-work.

After that, American Rare Earths will prepare and implement a detailed baseline environmental plan and will also start working on a permit application to mine on state mineral leases.
https://www.mining.com/american-rare-ea ... g-project/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 24 mars 2024, 11:26

US Critical Materials makes gallium discovery at Sheep Creek in Montana

Staff Writer | March 21, 2024

US Critical Materials said on Thursday it has discovered a “strategically significant” deposit of high-grade gallium on its 6,700 acres of claims at its flagship Sheep Creek property in southwest Montana.


The US is 100% dependent on imported gallium, which is critical for national defense, primarily from China. Gallium is used for semiconductors, 5G technology, smartphones, satellite systems, critical photonics technologies and military radar systems. The 2022 list of critical minerals identifies gallium as a US supply risk.

The Pentagon has already announced plans to issue a first-time contract to US or Canadian companies to recover gallium after China curbed exports last year.

In December 2023, US Critical Materials signed an agreement with Idaho National Laboratories to develop new rare earth processing methods, including gallium separation.

Last year, the Sheep Creek property reported grades that exceeded any other domestic rare earth resource. As part of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Mapping Resource Initiative, the USGS, in cooperation with the Montana Bureau of Mines, announced last April it is conducting an aeromagnetic and aero-radiometric survey at Sheep Creek.

The company said it believes the technologies developed under this cooperative research and development agreement could potentially provide environmentally responsible mining and processing to mitigate environmental concerns.

US Critical Materials president James Hedrick is a 29-year former USGS and Bureau of Mines rare earth commodity specialist.

“Not only is our gallium high grade, but we are also confident that we will be able to create a separation process that will be environmentally respectful. US Critical Materials’ prime gallium claims average over 300 ppm and go as high as 1,370 ppm,” Hendrick said in a statement, adding that gallium can be separated profitably at 50 ppm.

“US Critical Materials looks forward to being the primary gallium producer in the United States,” he said.
https://www.mining.com/us-critical-mate ... n-montana/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 24 mars 2024, 11:07

suite de ce post du 25 juillet 2021 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 4#p2323264

support de fonds américains pour le projet d'exploitation de terres rares Dubbo en Australie
US EXIM offers $600m support to Dubbo rare earths project
Besides, the letter of interest (LOI) is subject to US EXIM completing due diligence and ASM securing all necessary approvals for the project.

March 21, 2024

Australian Strategic Materials (ASM) has secured a non-binding and conditional LOI from the Export-Import Bank of the US (US EXIM) for a debt funding package of up to $600m (A$908.34m) for the Dubbo rare earths project in New South Wales, Australia.

The support from US EXIM is contingent upon the use of US materials during the construction phase and the strategic importance of the Dubbo Project to the critical minerals supply chain.

The LOI is subject to US EXIM completing due diligence and ASM securing all necessary approvals for the project.

This development is a significant advancement in ASM’s funding strategy for the Dubbo Project and reflects the strong support the company has received from government entities, investors and industry groups, particularly in North America.

The Australia-US Taskforce on Critical Minerals has been instrumental in fostering the partnership between the two nations, focusing on the development of secure and sustainable critical mineral supply chains.

........................
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... t/?cf-view

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 17 mars 2024, 11:42

suite de ce post du 10 dec 2023 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 2#p2381462
Australian Government to loan $550m for Arafura rare earths project
Australia is looking to diversify away from China’s rare earth supply chains.


Alfie Shaw March 14, 2024

The Australian Government will provide up to A$840m ($550m) for the first combined rare earths mine and refinery in the country’s Northern Territory, owned by Arafura Rare Earths, Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said on Thursday.

Along with the government loan, Arafura is expecting funding from international and commercial financiers for the mine, which is located 120km north of Alice Springs.

Australia is looking to improve its rare earth supply chains after Covid-19 exposed risks associated with strong reliance on China, which produces more than 80% of the world’s rare earths.

Albanese said in a statement: “This will create local jobs and economic opportunities, helping Australian and Territory companies and workers capture more value from the game-changing critical minerals deposits we have here.”

Arafura’s shares were up by 59% to A$0.235 following the news on Thursday, having been in a trading halt since Wednesday pending news of debt financing. The company’s largest shareholder is Gina Rhinehart, the Australian mining magnate.

The project in the Northern Territory will be Australia’s third rare earths processing plant after Lynas Rare Earths’ Kalgoorlie operations and Iluka Resources’ Eneabba rare earths plant, which is under development, both in Western Australia.

Rare earths are vital in the production of wind turbines, electric vehicle motors, robotics and mobile phones.

The prices of rare earths neodymium and praseodymium have slumped as China has sharply increased supply levels.

Daniel Morgan, analyst at Barrenjoey, told Reuters: “A lot of these projects face economic challenges… Getting private money is very difficult.”

He added that it was important that the government incentivises companies to enter production given the strategic nature of the industry.

In 2021, the government set up the Critical Minerals Facility to support investment in the sector. Arufa has already received a $325m loan for its operations through the facility.
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... -industry/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 10 mars 2024, 11:09

Un prospect de Terres Rares au Brésil :
Appia Announces Maiden Rare Earth Mineral Resource Estimate of 6.6 Million Tonnes Indicated Grading 2,513 ppm TREO and 46.2 Million Tonnes Inferred grading 2,888 ppm TREOat the PCH Ionic Adsorption Clay Project in Goiás, Brazil

March 1, 2024
TORONTO, ON, March 01, 2024, Appia Rare Earths & Uranium Corp. is pleased to announce that it has received an independent maiden Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) for its ionic adsorption clay (IAC) project located in the State of Goiás, Brazil, known as the PCH Project. The MRE was prepared by Yann Camus, P.Eng., of SGS Canada Inc. — Geological Services (“SGS”).

Highlights:

- The maiden MRE for the PCH Project is estimated at 52.8 million tonnes (Mt) comprising:
- 6.6 Mt Indicated resource with a grade of 2,513 parts per million (ppm) total rare earth oxide (TREO).
- 46.2 Mt Inferred resource with a grade of 2,888 ppm TREO.
- The deposit contains significant concentrations of Neodymium (Nd), Praseodymium (Pr), Dysprosium (Dy), and Terbium (Tb) which are the rare earth elements used in the production of permanent magnets and currently under high demand.
- The Company is currently undertaking a significant evaluation of the potential desorbed rare earth oxide (DREO), and results are pending.
Significant anomalies of Scandium and Cobalt have been identified in the Buriti Zone, adding additional potential resource value to the project.

............................
https://www.mining.com/sponsored-conten ... rption-cl/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 25 févr. 2024, 09:27

suite de ce post du 13 fev 2024 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 2#p2385592

Levée de 8 millions de dollars de capitaux pour le début du projet de terres rares Halleck Creek dans le Wyoming
American Rare Earths announces placement to advance Wyoming project
This placement was supported by new and existing investors, with its price set at a 5.1% discount to the ten-day volume-weighted average price (VWAP).

February 23, 2024

American Rare Earths has secured firm commitments to raise A$13.5m ($8.85m) through a placement of 45 million new shares priced at A$0.30 each.

Proceeds from the placement will be used to support the company’s Halleck Creek Rare Earths Project in Wyoming, US.

The placement was supported by a mix of new and existing investors, with the placement price set at a 5.1% discount to the ten-day VWAP.

Bell Potter, a financial services company, served as the co-lead manager for the placement.

American Rare Earths CEO Donald Swartz said: “I am thrilled to announce the successful completion of our institutional placement, which has raised A$13.5m.

“The overwhelming support from both existing shareholders and new institutional investors underscores the confidence in our vision and the potential of our projects, in particular the Halleck Creek Rare Earth Project.

“This placement provides us with the capital to advance our flagship project, Halleck Creek, towards delivering a secure supply of critical minerals to the North American supply chain.”

The funds raised will be allocated to various critical activities at the Halleck Creek project, including mineral resource and extensional drilling, pre-feasibility studies and metallurgical test work.

It will also be used to process development, heritage, permitting, environmental activities, as well as for general working capital needs.

Swartz added: “We are committed to executing on our project development milestones and are grateful for the support that enables us to further our mission.

“With a focus on environmentally friendly and cost-effective extraction methods, we are well set to meet the escalating demand for resources essential to the clean energy transition and US national security.

“This milestone marks a pivotal moment in our journey, and we are excited for the opportunities that lie ahead as we continue to drive value for our shareholders and stakeholders alike.”
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... t/?cf-view

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 18 févr. 2024, 11:26

suite de ce post du 21 janvier 2024 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 6#p2383726
British Columbia rare earth project testing makes 50% TREO concentrates with 80% recovery

Staff Writer | February 13, 2024

Defense Metals (TSXV: DEFN) says metallurgical testing of samples from its Wicheeda rare earth project in British Columbia has shown that a 50% total rate earth oxide (TRE) concentrate can be made. The recovery rate was 80%. The tests were carried out by SGS Canada.

“Continuing positive results from our technical studies suggest that our wholly-owned Wicheeda REE project has the potential to become the next producer of rare earth elements in North America accounting for a significant amount of the rare earths needed for the western world’s future magnet metal production,” said Defense Metals CEO Craig Taylor in a release.

Beginning in 2018 up to the present, Defense has spent about C$5 million on metallurgical test work and the creation of flowsheets for the Wicheeda project. Recent studies optimized the milling and hydrometallurgical processes and the response of 21 variability samples representing different rare earth element (REE) grades, lithologies and locations within the deposit.

The results of the metallurgical tests will be included in the prefeasibility study due to be completed in the second quarter of 2024, said Taylor, and then work would begin on the feasibility study.

The Wicheeda project has measured and indicated resources that total 34.2 million tonnes grading 2.02% TREO and contain 699,000 tonnes of TREO. The inferred portion is 11.1 million tonnes at 1.02% TREO and contains 113,000 tonnes.
https://www.mining.com/british-columbia ... -recovery/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 13 févr. 2024, 20:15

Un nouveau prospect de terres rares Halleck Creek dans le Wyoming
American Rare Earths increases resource estimates for Halleck Creek project

By NS Energy Staff Writer 07 Feb 2024

The in-situ resource estimates increased by 64% to 2.34 billion tonnes at a grade of 3,196ppm total rare earth oxides (TREO), and measured and indicated resource estimates increased by 128% or by 795 million tonnes to 1.42 billion tonnes

Australia-based rare earths supplier American Rare Earths has announced a 64% increase in the rare earth elements resource at its Halleck Creek rare earths project in Wyoming, US.

The company’s announcement is based on a recently completed detailed technical report of exploration and updated resource estimates of the Halleck Creek project.

The JORC 2012-compliant resource estimates were updated based on the results of the September/October 2023 maiden resource estimate, along with additional surface sampling and geological mapping.

The in-situ resource estimates were increased by 64% to 2.34 billion tonnes at a grade of 3,196ppm total rare earth oxides (TREO) using a 1,000ppm TREO cut-off.

The measured and indicated resource estimates increased by 128% or by 795 million tonnes to 1.42 billion tonnes, at a grade of 3,295ppm TREO using a 1,000ppm TREO cut-off.

Also, the inferred resource estimates increased by 15% or 117 million tonnes.

American Rare Earths CEO Donald Swartz said: “These results are illustrative of the enormous potential of the project when the resource increases 64% during a developmental drilling campaign, which increased measured/indicated resources by 128%.

“Typically, you’ll see the resource decrease as infill drilling takes place – instead we’re seeing the opposite, with only 25% of the project being drilled to this point.

“The low-cost mine plan when combined with the breakthroughs around metallurgy has increased our confidence and excitement about this world-class deposit. At 27% MREO, we look forward to releasing the results of the scoping study that is nearing completion.”

American Rare Earths said the encouraging results from September/October 2023 drilling laterally and vertically expanded the geological model for Halleck Creek.

The drilling also provided data to geostatistically define measured resource extents at Overton Mountain and redefine indicated resource extents at Red Mountain.

The Australian rare earths supplier is working together with Stantec, a global engineering consulting provider to develop a JORC scoping study at Halleck Creek.

The partners are evaluating the technical, mining, and economic designs related to the Halleck Creek project, as part of the scoping study.
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/a ... k-project/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 04 févr. 2024, 11:03

Vietnam rare earths output drops as China’s grows, US says

Reuters | February 1, 2024

The US geological agency has sharply revised down estimates on Vietnam’s rare earths output and expects a further drop despite its rich resource base, according to an annual report, which showed a rise in dominant producer China’s output.


The US Geological Survey’s (USGS) estimates, published late in January, came only a few months after Vietnamese authorities arrested in October corporate executives who were partnering with Western companies to develop rare earths mining projects in Vietnam. There is no clear link between the USGS revision and the arrests.

Rare earths are used in multiple industries, including electric vehicles, auto batteries and renewables, and have several applications in electronic and military products.

Despite having the world’s second-largest deposits, estimated at around 22 million tons of rare earths oxide (REO) equivalent, Vietnam extracted only 1,200 tons in 2022, the statistics from the USGS show, down from 4,300 tons the agency had previously estimated for 2022.

Image

Output fell to just 600 tons last year, according to USGS’s new data, despite Vietnam’s plans to boost output to about 20,000-60,000 tons a year by the end of the decade.

The USGS did not immediately reply to a request for comment about its revised estimates. Vietnam does not publish data on its rare earths mining output nor on its trade of the minerals.

While Vietnam’s estimated output fell, the USGS estimated global rare earths mining production grew to 350,000 tons last year from 300,000 tons in 2022, largely due to an increase in China’s output to 240,000 tons from 210,000 tons as Beijing raised its quotas last year.

Myanmar’s production tripled to 38,000 tons in 2023 from 12,000 tons a year earlier.

Hobbled plans?
Before the arrests over allegations of illegal trading, Vietnam was planning new tenders for mining concessions at its largest rare earths mine, which is still largely untapped, Reuters reported in September, citing an executive at Australia’s mining company Blackstone Minerals Ltd.

Blackstone and Vietnam’s environment ministry, which is in charge of mining projects, did not immediately reply to requests for comment about whether the tenders were still planned.

Australian Strategic Materials, another mining company, had also partnered with VTRE in May for the supply of about 100 tons of rare earths oxides by the end of last year. The company did not immediately reply to a request for comment about the state of that deal.

The United States has agreed to boost cooperation on rare earths with Vietnam, whose large untapped resources are seen as an alternative source of the minerals. China has the world’s largest deposits, with 44 million tons estimated, and dominates the extraction and processing of the critical minerals.

The USGS revised down its estimates of US rare earths reserves to 1.8 million tons from 2.3 million previously estimated. It also halved its estimates for Russia’s deposits to 10 million tons from 21 millions.

The US embassy in Hanoi had no immediate comment.
https://www.mining.com/web/vietnam-rare ... s-us-says/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 28 janv. 2024, 10:39

Un prospect en Australie :
Godolphin secures 51% interest at Narraburra rare earths

By NS Energy Staff Writer 22 Jan 2024

Narraburra is a highly prospective REE project located 12km northeast of Temora in central west New South Wales
...........................
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/g ... re-earths/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 21 janv. 2024, 10:19

suite de ce post du 28 mai 2023 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 5#p2370245
MLIB, Defense Metals partner to develop Wicheeda project in Canada

By NS Energy Staff Writer 19 Jan 2024

MLIB has signed an equity partnership agreement to purchase an equity stake in Defense Metals and has signed a co-design agreement with Defense Metals to create a new standard for the collaborative development of the Wicheeda project (

The McLeod Lake Indian Band (MLIB) and Defense Metals have teamed up to advance the Wicheeda Project, a rare earth elements (REE) project in central British Columbia.

The two companies have signed a strategic equity partnership and a co-design agreement.
.........................
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/m ... a-project/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 20 janv. 2024, 15:28

suite de ce post du 4 nov 2023 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 0#p2379600
Le Fonds souverain d’Angola réitère son soutien au développement de la première mine de terres rares du pays

Agence Ecofin 15 janvier 2024

Selon le rapport ITIE 2021, le pétrole représente 40 % des recettes publics en Angola, contre 0,32 % pour les diamants, principale ressource minière exploitée. Pour augmenter la contribution du secteur minier à l’économie, le gouvernement compte sur l’exploitation des terres rares.

Le Conseil d’administration du Fonds souverain angolais (FSDEA) a effectué le 10 janvier une visite de travail sur le site abritant le projet de terres rares Longonjo. Les responsables sont allés constater l’utilisation qui est faite du récent prêt relais de 15 millions de dollars accordé pour financer les travaux menés en prélude à la construction de la première mine de terres rares d’Angola.

« Nous sommes ravis de constater les excellents progrès réalisés sur le site de Longonjo qui est un projet important pour nous. Le FSDEA a financé l’accélération des activités de construction afin de garantir que le projet reste dynamique pendant que nous travaillons avec le consortium de prêteurs pour conclure le financement principal », a déclaré au cours de sa visite Armando Manuel, président du conseil d’administration, dans un communiqué publié le 15 janvier par Pensana.

Pensana est la compagnie minière britannique qui pilote le projet Longonjo. À travers la société ASF Yova Mining, le Fonds souverain angolais est le premier actionnaire de Pensana, avec 26,5 % d’intérêts à la date du 7 décembre 2023. Selon des travaux actualisés et publiés fin octobre 2023, un capital de 200 millions de dollars est nécessaire pour construire la mine, qui pourra livrer annuellement 38 000 tonnes par an de sulfate de terres rares mixtes, dont 4 400 tonnes de néodyme et de praséodyme.

Alors que le secteur extractif angolais reste dominé par l’exploitation du pétrole, ce qui rend l’économie locale très dépendante des fluctuations du prix de l’or noir, le gouvernement angolais mise sur le secteur minier pour accélérer la diversification de l’économie. Outre l’essor d’un secteur diamantifère qui crée de la valeur ajoutée au niveau local, le développement de la première mine de terres rares du pays s’inscrit dans cette stratégie.

L’entrée en production de Longonjo devrait intervenir dans un contexte mondial où la demande de terres rares est en hausse en raison de sa consommation dans diverses industries liées à la transition énergétique (éolienne et véhicules électriques notamment). Alors que la Chine domine le secteur, les États-Unis et les pays d’Europe de l’Ouest cherchent des alternatives et Longonjo est l’une d’elles. La production de la mine sera d’ailleurs transformée dans une usine installée au Royaume-Uni.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/gestion-pu ... es-du-pays

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 20 janv. 2024, 15:13

suite de ce post du 3 dec 2023 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 4#p2381104
La première mine de terres rares d’Ouganda en bonne voie pour entrer en production en 2026

Agence Ecofin 18 janvier 2024

L’approvisionnement en terres rares est un enjeu critique pour de nombreux pays. La demande augmente en raison de la transition énergétique, mais l’offre reste dominée par la Chine. Pour l’Ouganda qui veut accroitre la contribution des Mines à l’économie, c’est l’occasion d’exploiter ses réserves.

Rwenzori Rare Metals, filiale de l’australien Ionic Rare Earths, a reçu le permis d’exploitation minière pour le projet Makuutu qui sera donc d’ici 2026 la première mine de terres rares d’Ouganda. Le document a officiellement été signé par la ministre de l’Énergie et du Développement minéral Ruth Nankabirwa, lors d’une cérémonie à Kampala le 17 janvier.

Selon Ionic, l’octroi de ce permis positionne le projet pour une décision d’investissement finale au cours de l’année 2024, suivie de l’entrée en production de la mine en 2026. Notons qu’il s’agit de la première licence octroyée conformément au nouveau code minier ougandais adopté en 2022 et qui prévoit une participation gratuite de 15 % pour l’État dans les mines à grande échelle.

« L’attribution formelle de la licence minière de Makuutu à Rwenzori permet aux discussions avec des partenaires stratégiques et de la chaîne d’approvisionnement potentiels de passer à l’étape suivante pour amener Makuutu et un nouvel approvisionnement en terres rares magnétiques et lourdes sur le marché », a commenté Tim Harrison, DG d’Ionic.

D’après un rapport publié en 2023 par la firme d’analyse Adamas Intelligence, la demande mondiale d’aimants à base de terres rares (NedFeB) devrait connaitre un taux de croissance annuelle composé de 7,5 % jusqu’en 2030, soutenue par les secteurs des véhicules électriques et de l’énergie éolienne. Cela se traduira par une « croissance comparable de la demande pour les éléments de terres rares critiques », notamment le dysprosium et le terbium, précise le document.

Or, plusieurs de ces métaux critiques concernés se retrouvent dans la future production de Makuutu. Selon l’étude de faisabilité publiée en 2022, le projet peut en effet livrer, sur 35 ans, 40 090 tonnes d’oxyde de terres rares, titrant 71 % de métaux comme le néodyme, praséodyme, dysprosium et terbium. Makuutu est donc bien positionné pour contribuer à satisfaire la demande mondiale croissante pour les terres rares et soutenir la stratégie du gouvernement ougandais d’accroitre la contribution du secteur minier à l’économie.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... on-en-2026

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 14 janv. 2024, 12:02

China’s rare earth exports hit 5-year high on demand from EV, high-tech sectors

Reuters | January 12, 2024

China’s exports of rare earths in 2023 rose 7.3% from the prior year, customs data showed on Friday, boosted by competitive prices and growing overseas demand from electric vehicle makers and other high-tech sectors.


The world’s largest producer of rare earths shipped 52,307 metric tons of the minerals abroad last year, the highest since 2018, data from the General Administration of Customs showed.

Demand for rare earths picked up in line with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, wind power and inverter air conditioners, analysts said. The minerals are also used widely in lasers, military equipment and consumer electronics.

China has been engaged in an escalating battle over control of critical minerals and last year introduced restrictions on exports of germanium, gallium and some graphite products, which are used in semiconductors and electric vehicle batteries.

That fanned fears that rare earths might be the next target, spurring a rush of buying.

Europe and the United States are trying to wean themselves from dependence on rare earths from China, which accounts for nearly 90% of global refined output.

The increase in demand, however, lagged a rise in supply, weighing on prices for much of last year, although fears of supply disruptions stoked by a mining suspension in Myanmar pushed prices to a 20-month high last September.

China has set its 2023 rare earth mining quota at 255,000 metric tons and the annual smelting and separation quota at 243,850 tons, both up more than 20% from the year before.

The spot price for praseodymium neodymium oxide at the end of last year was down 34% from a year earlier, at 457,500 yuan a ton, data from consultancy Shanghai Metals Market (SMM) showed.

China’s exports of the 17 minerals classified as rare earths fell 18.2% in December from the previous month, to 3,439 tons, the customs data showed. That was down 20% from December 2022.

China’s imports of rare earths last month were up 45% on the year at 16,381 tons, while the 2023 total climbed 44.8% from a year earlier to 175,853 tons.
https://www.mining.com/web/chinas-rare- ... h-sectors/

Re: Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

par energy_isere » 14 janv. 2024, 11:46

suite de ce post du 9 decembre 2023 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 1#p2381401
Rainbow Rare Earths starts rare earth oxide separation in US
The first batch of separated oxides, specifically neodymium and praseodymium, is expected to be delivered in the coming weeks.

January 11, 2024

Rainbow Rare Earths has announced the initiation of the rare earth oxide separation process at K-Technologies’ facilities in Florida.

This development in the Phalaborwa pilot plant process marks a move towards more environmentally friendly extraction methods, utilising continuous ion exchange (CIX) and continuous ion chromatography (CIC) technology.

The CIX/CIC process, pioneered by K-Tech, is now in continuous operation.

It replaces the traditional solvent extraction method, which relies on hazardous chemicals and involves a complex, multi-stage process.

The four critical REEs to be produced at Phalaborwa are neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium and terbium, all of which are essential for the green economy transition.

These elements are key components in the manufacture of permanent magnets used in EVs and wind turbines.

They also play a crucial role in advanced technologies for strategic defence, such as guided missiles and jet fighter engines. K-Tech’s bench scale testwork has already demonstrated positive results, aligning with expectations for the separation of these rare earth oxides.

The first batch of separated oxides, specifically neodymium and praseodymium, is expected to be delivered in the coming weeks.

Dysprosium and terbium will follow, given their lower volumes in the rare earth mix.

The front-end pilot plant, located at the Council for Mineral Technology’s Johannesburg facilities, has successfully completed two of three campaigns, producing approximately 5.75kg of mixed rare earth carbonate, which has been sent to K-Tech in five batches.

The front-end pilot plant is set to commence continuous operations from mid-January 2024. This integrated campaign aims to increase the production of mixed rare earth carbonate for shipment to K-Tech throughout the first quarter of 2024.

Rainbow Rare Earths CEO George Bennett said: “Whilst we have experienced some delays from the original timetable due firstly to the further beneficiation of the mixed rare earth sulphate to produce a cerium-depleted mixed rare earth carbonate as the optimal feedstock for the K-Tech CIX and CIC circuits, plus two key mechanical issues at K-Tech, which took longer to resolve than anticipated due to the Christmas period, this has in no way affected the integrity of the process flowsheet, which is progressing as planned.

“During this time, we have continued with front-end plant optimisation work in order to deliver the most efficient final flowsheet for commercial operations, as well as ongoing shipments of mixed rare earth carbonate to K-Tech. We look forward to providing updates on the pilot plant milestones during Q1 2024.”
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... ion-in-us/

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