par energy_isere » 10 juin 2015, 21:42
La synthése express pour le pétrole :
(BP Report 2015)
2014 in review: Oil
Prices
Dated Brent averaged $98.95 per barrel in 2014, a decline of $9.71 per barrel from the 2013 level and the first annual average below $100 since 2010. Crude oil prices remained firm in early 2014 in the face of continued large supply disruptions, but fell sharply later in the year due to strong non-OPEC production growth combined with weaker consumption growth (relative to 2013) and OPEC's November decision to defend market share. The WTI – Brent differential narrowed to $5.66 per barrel despite continued robust US production growth.
Consumption and production
Global oil consumption grew by 0.8 million barrels per day (b/d), or 0.8% – a little below its recent historical average and significantly weaker than the increase of 1.4 million b/d seen in 2013. Countries outside the OECD once again accounted for all of the net growth in global consumption. OECD consumption declined by 1.2%, the eighth decrease in the past nine years. Chinese consumption growth was below average but still recorded the largest increment to global oil consumption (+390,000 b/d); Japan recorded the largest decline (-220,000 b/d), with Japanese oil consumption falling to its lowest level since 1971. Light distillates were the fastest growing refined product category for a second consecutive year.
Global oil production growth was more than double that of global consumption, rising by 2.1 million b/d or 2.3%. Production outside OPEC grew by 2.1 million b/d, the largest increase in our dataset. The US (+1.6 million b/d) recorded the largest growth in the world, becoming the first country ever to increase production by at least 1 million b/d for three consecutive years, and taking over from Saudi Arabia as the world's largest oil producer. Along with the US, production in Canada (+310,000 b/d) and Brazil (+230,000 b/d) also reached record levels in 2014. OPEC output was flat, and the group's share of global production fell to 41%, its lowest since 2003. Declines in Libya (-490,000 b/d) and Angola (-90,000 b/d) were offset by gains in Iraq (+140,000 b/d), Saudi Arabia (+110,000 b/d) and Iran (+90,000 b/d).
Refining and trade
Global crude runs rose by 1.1 million b/d (+1.4%) in 2014 – the highest growth since 2010 and more than double the 10-year average. Strong growth in the US, China and the Middle East outweighed declines in Europe and OECD Asia Pacific. Refinery runs in the US rose by 530,000 b/d, the largest increase since 1986. Global refining capacity expanded by an above average 1.3 million b/d, led by additions in China and the Middle East, with Middle Eastern capacity expanding by a record 740,000 b/d. Global refinery utilization remained at 79.6%, its lowest rate since 1987.
Global trade of crude oil and refined products in 2014 grew by a below average 0.9%, or 490,000 b/d. Import growth was driven by China and other emerging economies, while US net imports declined. China replaced the US as the world's largest net oil importer in 2013. Gross exports from North Africa declined by 17.1%, or 360,000 b/d, primarily due to lower Libyan crude production, however this was outweighed by a 530,000 b/d increase in US (gross) exports as rising refinery runs lifted product exports.
+1.6m b/d : Growth in global primary energy consumption, the weakest since 2009.
7.3m b/d : Reduction in US net oil imports since 2005
http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/a ... w/oil.html
La synthése express pour le pétrole :
[quote][b](BP Report 2015)
2014 in review: Oil[/b]
[b]Prices[/b]
Dated Brent averaged $98.95 per barrel in 2014, a decline of $9.71 per barrel from the 2013 level and the first annual average below $100 since 2010. Crude oil prices remained firm in early 2014 in the face of continued large supply disruptions, but fell sharply later in the year due to strong non-OPEC production growth combined with weaker consumption growth (relative to 2013) and OPEC's November decision to defend market share. The WTI – Brent differential narrowed to $5.66 per barrel despite continued robust US production growth.
[b]Consumption and production[/b]
Global oil consumption grew by 0.8 million barrels per day (b/d), or 0.8% – a little below its recent historical average and significantly weaker than the increase of 1.4 million b/d seen in 2013. Countries outside the OECD once again accounted for all of the net growth in global consumption. OECD consumption declined by 1.2%, the eighth decrease in the past nine years. Chinese consumption growth was below average but still recorded the largest increment to global oil consumption (+390,000 b/d); Japan recorded the largest decline (-220,000 b/d), [color=#FF0000]with Japanese oil consumption falling to its lowest level since 1971[/color]. Light distillates were the fastest growing refined product category for a second consecutive year.
Global oil production growth was more than double that of global consumption, rising by 2.1 million b/d or 2.3%. Production outside OPEC grew by 2.1 million b/d, the largest increase in our dataset. The US (+1.6 million b/d) recorded the largest growth in the world, becoming the first country ever to increase production by at least 1 million b/d for three consecutive years, and taking over from Saudi Arabia as the world's largest oil producer. Along with the US, production in Canada (+310,000 b/d) and Brazil (+230,000 b/d) also reached record levels in 2014. OPEC output was flat, and the group's share of global production fell to 41%, its lowest since 2003. Declines in Libya (-490,000 b/d) and Angola (-90,000 b/d) were offset by gains in Iraq (+140,000 b/d), Saudi Arabia (+110,000 b/d) and Iran (+90,000 b/d).
[b]Refining and trade[/b]
Global crude runs rose by 1.1 million b/d (+1.4%) in 2014 – the highest growth since 2010 and more than double the 10-year average. Strong growth in the US, China and the Middle East outweighed declines in Europe and OECD Asia Pacific. Refinery runs in the US rose by 530,000 b/d, the largest increase since 1986. Global refining capacity expanded by an above average 1.3 million b/d, led by additions in China and the Middle East, with Middle Eastern capacity expanding by a record 740,000 b/d. Global refinery utilization remained at 79.6%, its lowest rate since 1987.
Global trade of crude oil and refined products in 2014 grew by a below average 0.9%, or 490,000 b/d. Import growth was driven by China and other emerging economies, while US net imports declined. China replaced the US as the world's largest net oil importer in 2013. Gross exports from North Africa declined by 17.1%, or 360,000 b/d, primarily due to lower Libyan crude production, however this was outweighed by a 530,000 b/d increase in US (gross) exports as rising refinery runs lifted product exports.
+1.6m b/d : Growth in global primary energy consumption, the weakest since 2009.
7.3m b/d : Reduction in US net oil imports since 2005
[/quote]
http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy/2014-in-review/oil.html