Bilan :Annual Australian Climate Statement 2006
http://www.bom.gov.au/announcements/med ... 0103.shtml
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Our climate is changing
Australian annual mean temperatures have increased by approximately 0.9°C since 1910, consistent with a global mean temperature increase of between 0.7°C and 0.8°C since 1900. According to a preliminary estimate released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) on 14 December 2006, the global mean temperature for 2006 was about 0.42°C above average, making it the sixth-warmest year globally since records commenced in 1861.
While there has been a consistent warming trend apparent in Australian temperatures, annual temperatures will continue to vary from year to year in association with factors such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Consequently, it is not surprising that the mean Australian temperature for 2006 was cooler than for 2005, the nation’s warmest year on record (1.06°C above normal).
The dominant cause of the drought experienced throughout southeast Australia in 2006 was the development of an El Niño in the tropical Pacific Ocean. However, Australia has experienced marked rainfall trends over the last 50 years with declines over southern and eastern Australia and increases across the northwest. The pattern of rainfall during 2006 continued this trend.
The dry conditions in southern and eastern Australia in 2006 have continued the long-term rainfall deficiencies in many regions, some of which extend back more than five years. Aspects of this multi-year drought are highly unusual and unprecedented in many areas. Understanding the role that climate change has played in these anomalies is an area of active research.
- Toile de fond = réchauffement anthropique (tendance lourde) - Le continent australien s'est réchauffé de 0,9°C depuis 1910.
- Variabilité des températures d'année en année en lien avec des facteurs locaux (exemple : El Niño-Southern Oscillation)
Evolution future du climat australien : http://www.dar.csiro.au/information/climatechange.htmlDossier plus complet :
http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/change/index.shtml
(...) Australia and the globe are experiencing rapid climate change. Since the middle of the 20th century, Australian temperatures have, on average, risen by about 1°C with an increase in the frequency of heatwaves and a decrease in the numbers of frosts and cold days. Rainfall patterns have also changed - the northwest has seen an increase in rainfall over the last 50 years while much of eastern Australia and the far southwest have experienced a decline. (...)
